Operation of Ideal transformer

CASE NO:1 IDEAL TRANSFORMER AT NO-LOAD

 

In figure;

                 V1= Infinite voltage source 

                 Io = No load current

                 Φ = Fulx due to no load current 

                 I2 = Load current

                 S = Switch

• "Infinite source means it is capable to deliver any value of load power"

✴️ OPERATION:

⇾Initially Switch "s" is open and transformer is energing through Infinite voltage source and Setup the magnetic flux Φ in the core (Φ∝N1*Io).

⇾The value of Io is 2 to 5% of full load current. But for ideal transformer its value is tends to zero because in ideal transformer the permeability of core is very high (tends to Infinite) and due to high permeability the Reluctance will also tends to Zero ( Reluctance= L/μA).

CASE NO:-2 IDEAL TRANSFORMER AT ON-LOAD

Fig. Vector Diagram

Fig(b) Transformer at ON-LOAD

✴️ OPERATION:

⇾Now switch "S" is closed and load is connected to the transformer secondary side at that time load draws current I2.

⇾Due to I2 current,  Flux Φ2 are produced in the opposite direction to the main flux Φ, and Φ2 weaken the main flux Φ. Due to this main flux will try to maintain its value constant so it will draws extra current I1 from the source.

⇾Due to I1 current another flux Φ1∝ N1*I1 is produced in the direction of main flux Φ. So due to flux Φ1 effect of flux Φ2 is compensated to each other and main flux Φ is maintained in the Core of transformer.

• From m.m.f balanced equation;

                 N1*I1 = N2*I2

                  

                 N1/N2 = I2/I1

So for ideal transformer,

          V1/V2 = N1/N2 = I2/I1 = a

Where ; a= Turns ratio.

               ................Thank you 🙂.................

What is Right hand Curl rule???

• "RIGHT HAND CURL RULE IS USED TO FIND THE DIRECTION OF MAGNETIC LINES OF FORCE IN ANY ELECTRICAL MACHINES LIKE  GENERATOR, TRANSFORMER, SYNCHRONOUS MACHINES, INDUCTION MACHINES ETC."

➝The direction of magnetic lines of force (magnetic field) inside the material is from South to North And outside the material is from North to South.

                                       

• RIGHT HAND CURL RULE:-

"It is states that if the right thumb is in the direction of current then right hand curl will represent the direction of magnetic field and vice versa."

Fig(c) Right hand curl rule

⇾In figure (c) right hand thumb is in the direction of current then right hand curl will represent the direction of magnetic field or (magnetic lines of force).

⇾In figure (d) if we take right hand curl is in the direction of Electric current then thumb will represent the direction of Magnetic field.

     .................. THANK YOU 😊 ......................

what is a transformer???

 ⃝ ''Transformer is a static electrical device which can transfer the electrical power from one electrical circuit to another electrical circuit through magnetic flux or field without change in supply frequency''

HERE; U1= INPUT VOLTAGE

              U2= OUTPUT VOLTAGE

              I1= INPUT CURRENT

              I2= OUTPUT (LOAD) CURRENT

              N1= PRIMARY WINDING TURNS

              N2= SECONDARY WINDING TURNS

               ∅= MAGNETIC FLUX